A sputum fungal smear is a laboratory test that looks for fungus in a sputum sample. Sputum is the material that comes up from air passages when you cough very deeply.

KOH test; Fungal smear - sputum; Fungal wet prep; Wet prep - fungal

A sputum sample is needed. You will be asked to cough deeply and spit any material that comes up from your lung into a special container.

The sample is sent to a lab and examined under a microscope.

There is no special preparation.

There is no discomfort.

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms or signs of a lung infection, especially if you have a weakened immune system due to certain medicines or diseases such as cancer, HIV, or AIDs.

A normal (negative) result means no fungus was seen in the test sample.

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.

Abnormal results may be a sign of a fungal infection. Such infections include:

• Aspergillosis
• Blastomycosis
• Coccidioidomycosis
• Cryptococcus
• Histoplasmosis

An abnormal result may also be due to acute pulmonary eosinophilia (Loeffler syndrome).

There are no risks associated with a sputum fungal smear.

Limper AH. Overview of pneumonia. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds.Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 97.